我院公共經濟系何立新副教授的論文Income Redistribution in Urban China by Social Security System - An Empirical Analysis Based on Annual and Lifetime Income – (與Hiroshi SATO合作）最近被國際SSCI期刊Contemporary Economic Policy正式接受發表。
Income Redistribution in Urban China by Social Security System
– An Empirical Analysis Based on Annual and Lifetime Income –
Lixin HE and Hiroshi SATO
Abstract
This study investigates the redistributive effect of social security reform in urban China using the nationally representative urban household surveys in 1995 and 2002. The main findings are as follows. First, public pension is the main income for the elderly in urban China. The majority of people aged 60 and over (72% in 1995, 82% in 2002) receive a pension. Second, the social security system in urban China improved the income of low-income and older age groups and reduced the relative poverty rate. However, the redistributive effect did not offset the expanding income inequality, which resulted in the Gini coefficient of redistributed income in 2002 being higher than that in 1995. Third, during 1995 and 2002, both low- and high-income groups received a positive net benefit from the social security system, but the net benefit increased with income. There is an adverse income transfer from the poorer to the rich in the social security system regardless of whether income is measured using annual income or lifetime income. Fourth, assuming that the reformed policy was applied to public sector employees, the long-term redistributive effect of the pension system for the working population, calculated using their lifetime income, is larger.
Keywords: social security, income redistribution, pension reform, long-term effect of the pension system
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